Until the 10th century, Vembanad Lake was open as a bay. The Karappuram land, which includes present-day Cherthala taluk, was formed as a result of acts of nature.
The estuary joining the Muvattupuzha river which flows into the lake also underwent changes. Many islands formed along the estuary due to the accumulation of silt deposited by the floods.
Situated in the Vembanad Lake, Vadakkumkoor, was of great commercial and political importance, probably due to the fact that in the 15th century, Vadakkumkoor dominated and had a major settlement in Vaduthala in the 15th Century
In order to reduce the political influence of the Vadakkumkoor in the region, Cochin raised the right of ownership of Nalpathenneeswaram temple, which grew into a dispute. Conflicts over this issue from AD1548 onwards sharply evolved into the historic Battle of 1550. (Vaduthala Battle)
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